-
from Somos en Escrito, Armando Rendón, editor, December 5, 2018
¿Hay algo que es poesía política?
Somos en escrito The Latino Literary Online Magazine
"La poesía política es esa que
habla en oposición o apoyo,
en crítica o justificación de
las instituciones y normas
que nos gobiernan.”
habla en oposición o apoyo,
en crítica o justificación de
las instituciones y normas
que nos gobiernan.”
Por Rafael Jesús González
(Ponencia sobre poesía política presentada en el VIII Congreso y Festival Internacional Proyecto Cultural Sur, Montevideo, Uruguay, octubre 2018)
Recientemente se me invitó a participar en un panel “¿Que es la poesía política?” con distinguidos colegas a quienes estimo mucho. Se nos pidió que consideremos si hay un género de poesía que es política y como diferiría esta de la poesía que ostensiblemente no fuera considerada política y si el mero acto de crear es en si político. Se nos pidió que leyéramos dos poemas nuestros y dos de otros poetas que ilustraran nuestro pensar sobre la poesía política. La idea era tener una discusión en mesa redonda y responder a preguntas del público.
Nunca pasó. Se me pidió que
iniciara la discusión; presenté mi posición y leí mis dos poemas, uno de Roque
Dalton y el último poema de Javier Sicilia. Mis colegas completamente ignoraron
las instrucciones al panel, dijeron esencialmente que el acto de crear era en
si político y entonces tal era toda poesía y siguieron a leer de una gavilla de
poemas que habían traído consigo. El evento se volvió en simplemente una
lectura de poesía; no hubo discusión en mesa redonda ni tuvo el público
oportunidad de hacer preguntas.
Algo
irritado dije que si el escribir poesía era en si acto político entonces no
había nada que decir y que además no le podríamos llamar a un poema sobre un
peral, o un cuervo, o el poema de Bashó sobre una rana o un poema de amor políticos
en ningún sentido. Y con eso se cerró la conversación que nunca tuvimos.
Por
supuesto mis colegas sabían bien lo que fuera un poema político y cual no y
aunque mantuvieran que el escribir poemas en si es acto político y todo poema implícitamente
tal, no leyeron poemas sobre perales o cuervos o ranas o el amor sino los
poemas que habían escogido leer eran indudablemente, poderosamente políticos.
En mis
observaciones de apertura había dicho que porque éramos criaturas sociales todo
lo que hagamos es político; no votar cuando podamos en una elección es en sí
acto político. A demás, dije, un acto, un poema es cargado o no con significado
político por el contexto en el cual fue escrito. En el contexto de la
degradación ambiental la poesía sobre la naturaleza se pudiera leer como
implícitamente política.
Eso
dicho, si el poema sobre el peral fuera escrito cuando los perales fueran
envenenados por pesticidas, o los cuervos cazados a cerca extinción, esos
poemas pudieran tener brillo fuertemente político. Por lo tanto si Basho hubiera
escrito bajo un régimen tirano que criminalizaba el derecho de expresión para
mantener el statu quo, el chapoteo de su rana pudiera haber sido aunque
implícitamente políticamente ruidoso. Todo es contexto cuando todo se ha dicho;
todo lo que existe es relación. Tal es mi teoría de la relatividad.
Pero
todavía necesitamos una definición práctica de lo que es la poesía política y
para eso propongo esta:
“La
poesía política es esa que habla en oposición o apoyo, en crítica o justificación
de las instituciones y normas que nos gobiernan.”
Resiento
de tener que escribir poesía política; mucho preferiría escribir poemas de
amor, poemas en alabanza de la vida, de la Tierra que la sostiene, poemas de
asombro por lo que se percibe y por lo que se imagina. Por lo cual resiento de
tener que escribir poesía política es porque me siento obligado a oponerme a
las instituciones que nos gobiernan. Si esas instituciones fueran fundadas en y
gobernaran con justicia, con compasión, con reverencia a la vida y a la Tierra
que nos da nacer, sería yo libre para escribir sin impedimento en celebración y
mi poesía “política” sería en alabanza de esas instituciones y con dificultad
se distinguieran de mi celebración de la vida misma. Por supuesto que eso sería
una Utopía y siendo los humanos que somos siempre hubiera cosas que criticar, o
ignorar.
Pero los
Estados Unidos de América donde vivo y de cual soy ciudadano es mucho más cerca
a una Distopía y en este contexto mi poesía (o mucha de ella porque también
escribo mucha que es puramente celebratoria) tiene que ser abierta y
fuertemente política en oposición a la injusticia, crueldad, locura que son las
normas con las cuales se gobierna la nación (imperio). Mi poesía política es la
poesía del amor violado.
Entre las
muchas violaciones de los derechos humanos que el gobierno estadounidense
comete una que más me llega es su política hacia la migración, inhumana, cruel,
demente. Las fronteras son de por si políticas y solamente tal, nada más.
Los mapas mienten
Borders are scratched across
the hearts of men
By strangers with a calm,
judicial pen,
judicial pen,
And when the borders bleed
we watch with dread
we watch with dread
The lines of ink across the
map turn red.
map turn red.
--Marya Mannes
Mienten los mapas —
son
colchas de parches sin sentido
de
colores pasteles
(lila, celeste, lima,
limón, naranja, rosa)
con
nombres, costuras arbitrarias
con
que imaginamos a la Tierra
pretendiendo
poseerla
y
le llamamos ‘mundo.’
La
Tierra no tiene costuras
ni
fronteras —
ríos
y barrancas, sierras, pantanos,
desfiladeros,
junglas y desiertos,
cascadas
y saltos, mares sí,
pero
nunca fronteras.
Los
mapas mienten.
Nací en frontera cargada en particular de política— la frontera entre los EE.UU. y México, Cd. Juárez, Chihuahua y El Paso, Tejas. Lo particular de esta frontera es que la tierra estadounidense al norte del Río Bravo, “la frontera,” fue robada por invasión por los EE.UU. Mucha de la población en esa Tierra es de descendencia y cultura mexicana — es tierra nuestra robada. A demás, la mayoría de nosotros somos de sangre mestiza, mezcla de sangre europea e indígena. Para nosotros, la parte nuestra indígena, las fronteras no existían como tales, la Tierra pertenecía a nadie, era de todos.
Mi
familia llegaron cuando la revolución mexicana de 1910 llegaba a su fin en 1920,
mis padres apenas adolescentes. Así es que yo me crié bicultural, bilingüe
entre y participando en dos distintas culturas. Mis padres siempre insistieron
que conserváramos nuestra cultura mexicana y lengua castellana a la vez que
aprendiéramos el inglés. No siempre fue fácil. La cultura estadounidense es
poco tolerante de lo extranjero e insiste en que el inmigrante se asimile.
En la
escuela nos castigaban si hablábamos en español en la aula o el patio de recreo
y aun muchos nos sentimos obligados a defender nuestros propios nombres. El
prejuicio en la sociedad en general es grande. Muchos padres para proteger a
sus hij@s de los efectos de este prejuicio les permitían hablar sólo inglés
para que avanzaran económica y socialmente. El costo de asimilarse es grande.
A
Una Anciana
Venga, madre —
su rebozo arrastra telaraña negra
y sus enaguas le enredan los tobillos;
apoya
el peso de sus años
en
trémulo bastón y sus manos temblorosas
empujan sobre el mostrador centavos
sudados.
¿Aún
todavía ve, viejecita,
la
jara de su aguja arrastrando colores?
Las flores que borda
con hilazas de a tres-por-diez
no
se marchitan tan pronto como las hojas del tiempo.
¿Qué cosas recuerda?
Su
boca parece constantemente saborear
los
restos de años rellenos de miel.
¿Dónde están los hijos que parió?
¿Hablan
ahora solamente inglés
y
dicen que son hispanos?
Sé que un día no vendrá
a pedirme que le que escoja
los matices que ya no puede ver.
Sé
que esperaré en vano
su bendición desdentada.
Miraré
hacia la calle polvorienta
refrescada
por alas de paloma
hasta
que un chiquillo mugroso me jale de la manga
y
me pregunte:
— Señor, jau mach is dis? —
Demasiado,
es mucho el costo. Pera paro sobrevivir mucho se arriesga y mucho se pierde. Se
emigra raras veces por gusto y casi siempre por necesidad. Históricamente la
mayor parte de nuestra gente que emigra a los EE.UU. es gente pobre, más que
nada campesinos que vienen a trabajar por muy bajos sueldos, largas y duras
horas, bajo pésimas condiciones, muchos analfabetos o con poca escuela, muchos
hablando lenguas indígenas. Vienen indocumentados y muchas veces traen sus
familia, hij@s de muy tierna edad, infantes muchos. Es@s chicuel@s todavía
indocumentados han crecido en jóvenes en todo estadounidenses menos en ciudadanía,
muchos hablando y escribiendo solamente en inglés, muchísimos estudiantes en
colegios y universidades.
Y ahora
el Presidente de los EE.UU. Pres. Trump (llamado entre nosotros con el no muy
afectuoso apodo Pres. Trompudo) racista y fascista, ignorante, arrogante y
descorazonado hasta las cachas intenta, con el apoyo de su índole, expulsarlos
a sus países natales, países extraños para ell@s, países no suyos — México,
Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua y tantos más. Se les han llamado “Soñadores”
apodo que origina en un plan del presidente anterior Pres. Obama para protegerl@s.
Nuestros soñadores
El país que echa fuera
por falta
de documentos
a sus
soñadores
se hiere
a si mismo.
¿Que otra
tierra conocen?
¿Que
vacío dejarían
en la
consciencia,
en el
corazón del pueblo?
Es
arrancarle las balanzas
a la
justicia, apagarle
el
antorcha a la libertad.
Sería
como si el águila
con su
propio pico
y sus
garras se rasgara
su propio
corazón
ya
envenenado por la crueldad.
De
fronteras y muros
los
sueños y la necesidad
saben los
mismo
que las
mariposas, las aves,
el olor
de las flores.
Si no
protegemos
a
nuestros soñadores perdemos
nuestras
almas y sueños.
Con la
ascendencia del Pres. Trompudo se ha demonizado el emigrante. El presidente les
ha llamado violadores, asesinos, ladrones, especialmente a los emigrantes
mexicanos, centro-americanos, latino-americanos (y además terroristas a los
emigrantes musulmanes.) El fascismo, el racismo, el nacionalismo y el odio son
patentes y se han normalizado en la discusión política estadounidense. Pero lo
tenemos que decir claro —
Decirlo Claro
Dicen los bobos
que
venimos de mendigos
estómagos
vacíos, vacías las manos
para
quitarles lo que ya
sus
propios canallas y bribones
les
robaron.
Sí,
venimos con hambre
huyendo
la violencia
a donde
la riqueza
del
impero se concentra
pero con
las manos llenas
de
nuestras artesanías y labores,
corazones
llenos de bailes y canciones,
con
nuestra cocina rica en sabores.
Le
traemos alma a una cultura desalmada;
traemos
el arco iris
y
prefieren el gris de sus temores.
Se
empeñan en construir muros
si lo que
se necesita es puentes.
La
frontera se ha militarizado y se ha hecho un frente de batalla. Y el Tompudo se
empeña un construir una gran muralla por toda la frontera entre los EE.UU. y
México a un costo aproximado de construir de 70 billones de dólares y de
mantener a 21.6 billones de dólares. Y neciamente insiste que la pagará México.
Pero no se le puede poner precio al costo del sufrimiento que ha causado, que
causa esta política. Los emigrantes son aprendidos y encarcelados, las madres,
los padres separados de sus hijit@s, muchos de ellos infantes, l@s niñ@s
metidos en cárceles separadas, desparramados, enviados lejos. Y aunque las
cortes han declarado estos hechos ilegales y exigido que se reúnan las familias,
muchas todavía no se han reunido y niñ@s se han perdido. La crueldad, el
sufrimiento hiere la imaginación.
Es tan amable la luna
La luna llena se cuela
por entre
las rejas de la cárcel
de niños
para
recoger sus sollozos
en su
delantal de luz
y
llevárselos a sus padres
en cárcel
de adultos
y
traerles lamentos y bendiciones
de sus
madres, sus padres
a los
niños.
Es tan
amable la luna
que no
niega su luz
ni a los
malvados traficantes de angustia.
Es tan
amable la luna.
Y ¿que graves exigencias motivan a estos padres, madres a arriesgar tanto por emigrar a los EE.UU.? Vienen a donde se concentra la riqueza del imperio huyendo de la pobreza y la violencia de sus países causados por la política estadounidense: tratados de “libre comercio” que han sido desastrosos para la economía de México, la cínica “guerra contra las drogas” que ha traído violencia atroz a México, los Acuerdos de Mérida que han militarizado el gobierno de México y lo ha hecho aun más violento.
Pero no
es solamente México sino es así en toda América Central y en partes de Sud
América. Se cultivan y se apoyan gobiernos abusivos por el poderoso EE. UU. que
para el bien de los ricos mantienen a sus pueblos en pobreza y represión
violenta, vendiendo sus tierras y recursos naturales a empresas extranjeras
estadounidenses e globales. Y l@s que resisten y defienden la Tierra (gran
parte indígenas y mujeres) son torturados y muertos. Un caso representante de
muchos, muchos otros por todas las Américas es el de Berta Cáceres de Honduras:
Por medio milenio y más
a Berta Cáceres
y a todos los mártires
de las Américas
muertos defendiendo la tierra
Por medio milenio y más
hemos
muerto defendiendo
la
tierra, los bosques, los ríos
de
invasores extranjeros
cegados
por la codicia,
enloquecidos
por la ganancia
en
moneda sangrienta.
Hemos
sufrido traidores
infectados
por esa locura
que
por esa misma moneda
venden
a sus propios dioses.
Nuestros
huesos siembran la tierra,
nuestra
sangre la riega
y
el sagrado maíz
a
veces nos sabe amargo.
Pero
seguimos luchando
y
nuestros huesos y sangre
crecerán
un nuevo mundo en flor.
Nombrémoslo por lo que esencialmente es: la economía de imperio, el capitalismo, y su política, un sistema económico que se basa en dos cosas: el tratar a la Tierra solamente como deposito de materia prima para explotarse y la esclavitud de mano de obra para convertir esa materia prima en productos consumibles a abajo costo para vender a gran ganancia para el bien de los pocos. Fue nada más que esto lo que impulsó la conquista de las “Américas.” (De la religión que hacía mucho se había hecho instrumento del estado y justificaba la esclavitud y hasta el genocidio no diré nada, ni de la oposición dentro ella que nos llega ahora como la teología de la liberación.) Por ser los EE.UU. el más grande imperio actual y su presidente un Calígula moderno, es fácil hacerlo el único villano, pero esto pasa casi por el mundo entero.
El
capitalismo desenfrenado lleva al fascismo y esto lo vemos por a través del
mundo actual. Las guerras y tiranías casi todas a causa del capitalismo
desplazan una gran cantidad de gente huyendo del la pobreza y la violencia para
sobrevivir. La migración es unos de los “problemas” más grandes del día no
obstante que la humanidad siempre ha migrado desde su origen en África hace
tres cientos mil a dos cientos mil años.
Migración
¿Qué sabe
la mariposa de fronteras?
¿Qué sabe de banderas?
Cruza
todo un continente,
el movimiento su herencia.
Así es
con nosotros,
nuestra historia migración
de años,
de siglos, de milenios
antes de que historia hubiera
y que
formáramos mitos en el cerebro.
Nuestros
pasos hechos de sangre,
de
lágrimas, de risas, de sudor
marcan
nuestra eterna búsqueda
de hogar
señalado por el Dios,
o el águila comiéndose una culebra
o quien
sabe que señas arbitrarias.
Pero son
inseguras nuestras moradas —
hogar es
la Tierra redonda y sin costura;
la
circundamos y si patria veneramos
es
pretensión, es mito, es mentira —
buscamos
abrigo, alimento, libertad, la vida.
Abajo con
fronteras, abajo con banderas
que si justicia y paz hubiera
no
tuviéramos que vagar tanto por la Tierra.
Nací, vivo en y soy ciudadano de
los Estados Unidos de América pero más que nada me siento ciudadano del mundo.
Mi lealtad es a la humanidad a cual pertenezco y a la Tierra que nos dio nacer
y nos sostiene. Mi ciudadanía estadounidense y terrestre me obliga a ver
críticamente a mi país, al mundo, a la humanidad. Pero si he pintado a mi país
en matices sombríos no es completamente fiel el retrato. Muchos, muchos
estadounidenses no son racista, ni tóxicamente nacionalistas, ni injustos, ni
crueles, ni capitalistas. Y son muchos los problemas del imperio y me he
enfocado sólo en la migración. Es muy grande la resistencia contra las fuerzas
del fascismo, es grande la compasión y el deseo por la justicia. Muchas
ciudades y aun estados se han declarado ciudades, estados “De asilo” para
proteger a los inmigrantes indocumentados negándose a colaborar con la policía
federal en la persecución de los inmigrantes. Diariamente hay manifestaciones a las puertas de las
cárceles, la frontera, los aeropuertos, los edificios de gobierno, las calles
en apoyo de los inmigrantes. Hay una gran lucha entre las fuerzas del fascismo
que controlan el gobierno y las fuerzas demócratas. Estamos en crisis y son
tiempos temerosos.
En cuanto
a mí como viejo y poeta
Te Digo
Te digo que estoy cansado
de no
poder darle la espalda
a la
injusticia y crueldad del mundo.
Quisiera
en vez contarte
lo que el
sauco y la secoya,
la piedra
en el arroyo hecha lisa
por el
toque suave o brusco
del agua
me dicen.
Quisiera
decirte los cuentos
del
lagartijo y la mariposa,
cantarte
las canciones calladas
de la
madreselva y el romero.
Quisiera
escribir versos de amor
a la
Tierra, a la vida, a ti.
Pero no
puedo darle la espalda
a la
injusticia y crueldad
del mundo
que causa
tanta
pena y sufrir en la Tierra.
Mis
versos de furia y protesta
son
también poemas de amor,
de un
amor traicionado y herido.
----------------© Rafael Jesús González 2018.
“Political poetry is that which addresses, in opposition or support, criticism or justification, the institutions and norms that govern us.”
By Rafael Jesús González
Recently I was invited to take part on a panel “What is political poetry?” with three distinguished colleagues whom I hold in high esteem. We were asked to consider whether there was a genre of poetry that is political and how this might differ from poetry that is ostensibly not considered political, and whether indeed, the very act of creation is political in its own right. We were asked to read two poems of our own and two from other poets that could be illustrative of our thoughts on political poetry. The idea was to have a round table discussion and answer questions from the audience.
Maps Lie
Borders are scratched across
--Marya Mannes
I was born on one particularly politically charged — the U.S./Mexican border, Cd. Juárez/El Paso. What is particular to this border is that the U.S. land north of the Río Grande, The Border, was stolen by the U.S. by invasion. Much of the population in this land is of descent and culture Mexican — it is our stolen land. Also, the majority of us are of mestizo blood, a mixture of European and indigenous blood. For us, the indigenous part, borders did not exist as such, the Earth belonged to no one, it was everyone’s.
To an Old Woman
Come, mother —
(New Mexico Quarterly, Vol. XXXI no. 4, 1962; author’s copyrights.)
Too much, it is too high a cost. But to survive much is risked and much is lost. One rarely immigrates by desire but almost always by necessity. Historically the majority of our people who emigrate to the U.S. are poor, mostly farmers who come to work for very low wages, long and hard hours, under abysmal conditions, many illiterate or with little schooling, many speaking indigenous languages. They come without documents and often bring their families, children of very tender age, infants many. These children still undocumented have grown to be youths in every way U. S. except in citizenship, many speaking and writing only in English, many students in colleges and universities.
Our Dreamers
The country that casts out
(Overthrowing Capitalism, Vol. 4, Hirschman, Jack et al., editors, 2018 San Francisco; author's copyrights)
With the ascendency of Pres. Trumpet-mouth, the emigrant has been demonized. The president has called them rapists, murderers, thieves, especially the Mexican, Central-American, Latin-American emigrants (and also terrorists the Moslem emigrants.) Fascism, racism, nationalism, and hate are patent and have been normalized in the U.S. political discussion. But we have to say it clearly —
To Say It Clearly
The fools say
The border has been militarized and has been made a battle front. And Trumpet-mouth insists on building a great wall through the entire border between the U.S. and Mexico at a cost of approximately 70 billion dollars and 21.6 billion dollars to maintain. And foolishly insists that Mexico pay for it. But a price cannot be placed on the suffering that it has caused, that this policy causes. Emigrants are apprehended and jailed, mothers, fathers separated from their little children, many of them infants, the children put in separate jails, scattered, sent far away. And even though the courts have declared these acts illegal and demanded that families be reunited, still they have not been reunited and children have been lost. The cruelty, the suffering wounds the imagination.
So Kind Is the Moon
The full moon slips
And what grave needs motivate these fathers, mothers to risk so much to emigrate to the U.S.? They come to where the wealth of the empire is concentrated fleeing the poverty and violence of their countries caused by U.S. policy:
For Half a Millennium and More
to Berta Cáceres and to all
the martyrs of the Americas
killed definding the land
For half a millennium and more
Let us name it for what it essentially is: the economy of empire, Capitalism and its policy, an economic system based on two things: the treatment of the Earth solely as a deposit of raw material to be exploited and the enslavement of labor to convert that raw material into consumable products at low cost to sell at great profit for the good of the few. It was nothing but this that impelled the conquest of the Americas.
Migration
What does the butterfly know of borders?
I was born in, live in, am a citizen of the United States of America but more than anything I feel myself a citizen of the world. My loyalty is to humanity to which I belong and to the Earth that bore us and sustains us. My U.S. and Terrestrial citizenship obligate me to view my country, the world, and humanity critically. But if I have painted my country in somber hues it is not entirely a true portrait. Many, many U.S. citizens are not racist, nor toxically nationalists, nor unjust, nor cruel, nor capitalists. And many are the problems of empire and I have focused only on migration. Very great is the resistance against the forces of fascism, great is the compassion and the desire for justice. Many cities and even states have declared themselves Asylum to protect the undocumented immigrants refusing to collaborate with the federal police in the persecution of immigrants. Daily there are demonstrations at the doors of jails, the border, the airports, the government buildings, the streets in support of the immigrants. There is a great struggle between the forces of fascism that control the government and the democratic forces. We are in a crisis and the times are fearful.
I Tell You
I tell you that I am tired
----------------© Rafael Jesús González 2018.
Rafael
Jesús González es Poeta Laureado de la Ciudad de Berkeley,
California. Por décadas, ha sido un activista pro la paz y justicia usando la palabra
como una espada de la verdad.
Foto por Armando Rendón |
“Political poetry is that which addresses, in opposition or support, criticism or justification, the institutions and norms that govern us.”
By Rafael Jesús González
(Paper on political poetry presented at the 8th International Congress and Festival Proyecto Cultural Sur in Montevideo, Uruguay in October 2018)
Recently I was invited to take part on a panel “What is political poetry?” with three distinguished colleagues whom I hold in high esteem. We were asked to consider whether there was a genre of poetry that is political and how this might differ from poetry that is ostensibly not considered political, and whether indeed, the very act of creation is political in its own right. We were asked to read two poems of our own and two from other poets that could be illustrative of our thoughts on political poetry. The idea was to have a round table discussion and answer questions from the audience.
It
never happened. I was asked to open the discussion; I stated my position, and
read my two poems, one of Roque Dalton's, and the last poem of Javier Sicilia.
My three colleagues completely ignored instructions to the panel, essentially
said that the creative act was in itself political and hence so was all poetry,
and proceeded to read from a sheaf of poems they had brought with them. The
event became simply a poetry reading; there was no round-table discussion, nor
did the audience have an opportunity to ask questions.
Somewhat
exasperated, I said that if writing poetry is itself a political act and all
poems are political, then there is nothing to say and furthermore that we could
not call HD's pear tree poem, or Williams' red wheel-barrow poem, or Stevens'
blackbird poem, or Basho's frog poem political at all. Though a love poem could
be political such as Arnold's Dover Beach (definitely political, but is it a
love poem?). And that closed the conversation that we never had.
Of
course my colleagues know perfectly well what is a political poem and what is
not, and though they maintained that the writing of poems in itself is
political and hence all poems implicitly so, they did not read HD, nor
Williams, nor Stevens, nor Basho to bolster their contention, but the poems
they had chosen to read were unquestionably, undeniably, powerfully political.
In
my opening remarks I had said that because we are social creatures everything
we do is political; not voting in an election when we can is itself a political
act. Furthermore, I said, an act, a poem, is weighted, or not, with political
meaning by the context in which it is written. In the context of contemporary
environmental degradation, I said, the nature poetry of Mary Oliver may be read
as implicitly political.
That
said, if HD had written her poem at a time when pears were poisoned by
pesticides, or Williams' his when red wheel-barrows were outlawed in New
England, or Stevens’ when blackbirds were hunted near extinction, their poems could
have a strong political glow. For that matter, had Basho written under a tyrannical
regime that criminalized freedom of expression to maintain the status quo, his
frog's splash could have been, though implicit, politically loud indeed. It is
all context when all is said and done; all that exists is relation. Such is my
theory of relativity.
But
we still need a working definition of what political poetry is, and for that I
offer:
“Political
poetry is that which addresses, in opposition or support, criticism or
justification, the institutions and norms that govern us.”
I
resent having to write political poetry; I would much rather write love poems,
poems in praise of life, in praise of the Earth that bears it, poems of
amazement for what is sensed and for what is imagined. Why I resent having to
write political poetry is because I must oppose the institutions that govern
us. Were those institutions founded on and governed with justice, with
compassion, with reverence for life and the Earth that births us, I would be
free to write in unhindered celebration and my political poetry would be in
praise of those institutions and could be hard to distinguish from my
celebration of life itself. Of course that would be a Utopia and being the
humans we are, there would always be things to criticize, or ignore.
But
the United States where I live and of which I am a citizen is much closer to a
Dystopia and in that context, my poetry (or a great deal of it, though I also
write much that is purely celebratory) must be overtly and strongly political
in opposition to the injustice, the cruelty, the insanity that are the norms
with which the nation (empire) is governed. My political poetry is the poetry
of love outraged.
Among
the many violations of human rights the U.S. government commits, one that most
deeply touches me is its inhumane, unimaginably cruel, insane immigration
policy. Borders are inherently political and just that, nothing more:
Maps Lie
Borders are scratched across
the hearts of men
By strangers with a calm,
judicial pen,
And when the borders bleed
we watch with dread
The lines of ink across
the map turn red.
--Marya Mannes
Maps lie —
they are crazy quilts
of pastel colors
(lilac, sky, lime,
lemon, orange, pink)
with arbitrary names and seams
with which we imagine the Earth
pretending to posses it
and call it ‘world.’
The Earth does not have seams
nor borders —
rivers and ravines, sierras,
swamps,
canyons, jungles and deserts,
cascades and falls, seas yes,
but never borders.
Maps lie.
I was born on one particularly politically charged — the U.S./Mexican border, Cd. Juárez/El Paso. What is particular to this border is that the U.S. land north of the Río Grande, The Border, was stolen by the U.S. by invasion. Much of the population in this land is of descent and culture Mexican — it is our stolen land. Also, the majority of us are of mestizo blood, a mixture of European and indigenous blood. For us, the indigenous part, borders did not exist as such, the Earth belonged to no one, it was everyone’s.
My
family came as the Mexican revolution of 1910 drew to a close in 1920, my
parents but adolescents. So it is that I grew bicultural, bilingual between and
participating in two distinct cultures. My parents always insisted that we
preserve our Mexican culture and the Castilian tongue at the same time that we
learned English. It was not always easy. The U.S. culture is little tolerant of
the foreign and insists that the immigrant assimilate. In school we were
punished if we spoke Spanish in the classroom or playground and many of us felt
obliged to defend our own names. Prejudice in the society in general is great.
Many parents permitted their children to speak only English to protect them
from the effects of this prejudice so that they could advance economically and
socially. The cost of assimilation is great.
To an Old Woman
Come, mother —
your rebozo trails a black web
and your hem catches on your heels,
you lean the burden of your years
on shaky cane, and palsied hand
pushes
sweat-grimed pennies on the counter.
Can you still see, old woman,
the darting color-trailed needle of
your trade?
The flowers you embroider
with three-for-a-dime threads
cannot fade as quickly as the
leaves of time.
What things do you remember?
Your mouth seems to be forever
tasting
the residue of nectar hearted
years.
Where are the sons you bore?
Do they speak only English now
and say they’re Spanish?
One day I know you will not come
and ask for me to pick
the colors you can no longer see.
I
know I’ll wait in vain
for your toothless benediction.
I’ll look into the dusty street
made
cool by pigeons’ wings
until a dirty child will nudge me
and say:
Señor,
how mush ees thees?
(New Mexico Quarterly, Vol. XXXI no. 4, 1962; author’s copyrights.)
Too much, it is too high a cost. But to survive much is risked and much is lost. One rarely immigrates by desire but almost always by necessity. Historically the majority of our people who emigrate to the U.S. are poor, mostly farmers who come to work for very low wages, long and hard hours, under abysmal conditions, many illiterate or with little schooling, many speaking indigenous languages. They come without documents and often bring their families, children of very tender age, infants many. These children still undocumented have grown to be youths in every way U. S. except in citizenship, many speaking and writing only in English, many students in colleges and universities.
And
now, the president of the U.S.A., President Trump (named among ourselves with
the not very affectionate nickname Pres. Trumpet-mouth), racist and fascist,
ignorant, arrogant, and heartless to the hilt intends, with the backing of his
ilk, to expel them to their countries of birth, countries strange to them,
countries not theirs — Mexico, Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua and
many more. They are called Dreamers, soubriquet originating in a plan of the previous
president, Pres. Obama, to protect them.
Our Dreamers
The country that casts out
for
lack of documents
its
dreamers
wounds
itself.
What
other land do they know?
What
emptiness would they leave
in
the consciousness,
in
the hearts of the people?
It
is to tear the scales
from
justice, to put out
the
torch of liberty.
It
would be as if the eagle
with
its own beak
and
its claws lacerated
its
own heart
already
poisoned by cruelty.
Of
borders and walls
dreams
and need
know
the same
as
do the butterflies and the birds,
the
smell of the flowers.
If
we do not protect
our
dreamers we lose
our
souls and our dreams.
(Overthrowing Capitalism, Vol. 4, Hirschman, Jack et al., editors, 2018 San Francisco; author's copyrights)
With the ascendency of Pres. Trumpet-mouth, the emigrant has been demonized. The president has called them rapists, murderers, thieves, especially the Mexican, Central-American, Latin-American emigrants (and also terrorists the Moslem emigrants.) Fascism, racism, nationalism, and hate are patent and have been normalized in the U.S. political discussion. But we have to say it clearly —
To Say It Clearly
The fools say
that
we come as beggars
stomachs
empty, empty hands
to
take what already
their
own scoundrels and knaves
have
stolen from them.
Yes,
we come hungry
fleeing
violence
to
where the riches
of
the empire are concentrated
but
with hands full
of
our crafts and labors,
hearts
full of dances and of songs,
with
our cuisine rich in flavors.
We
bring soul to a soulless culture;
we
bring the rainbow
and
they prefer the grayness of their fear.
They
insist on building walls
when
there is need of bridges.
The border has been militarized and has been made a battle front. And Trumpet-mouth insists on building a great wall through the entire border between the U.S. and Mexico at a cost of approximately 70 billion dollars and 21.6 billion dollars to maintain. And foolishly insists that Mexico pay for it. But a price cannot be placed on the suffering that it has caused, that this policy causes. Emigrants are apprehended and jailed, mothers, fathers separated from their little children, many of them infants, the children put in separate jails, scattered, sent far away. And even though the courts have declared these acts illegal and demanded that families be reunited, still they have not been reunited and children have been lost. The cruelty, the suffering wounds the imagination.
So Kind Is the Moon
The full moon slips
through
the bars of the jail
of
the children
to
gather their sobs
in
her apron of light
and
carry them to their parents
in
the jail for adults
and
bring the laments and blessings
of
their mothers, their fathers
back
to the children.
The
moon is so kind
that
it does not deny its light
even
to the evil dealers in anguish.
So
kind is the moon.
And what grave needs motivate these fathers, mothers to risk so much to emigrate to the U.S.? They come to where the wealth of the empire is concentrated fleeing the poverty and violence of their countries caused by U.S. policy:
Free
Trade treaties that have been disastrous for the economy of Mexico, the cynical
War Against Drugs that has brought atrocious violence to Mexico, the Mérida
Accords that have militarized the government of Mexico and made it more
violent. But it is not only Mexico; it is thus in all Central America and parts
of South America. The powerful U.S. supports abusive governments that for the
benefit of the rich keep their people in poverty and violent repression,
selling their lands and natural resources to U.S. and global foreign
enterprises. And those who resist and defend the Earth (a great part indigenous
and women) are tortured and killed. A case representative of many, many others
throughout the Americas is that of Berta Cáceres of Honduras:
For Half a Millennium and More
to Berta Cáceres and to all
the martyrs of the Americas
killed definding the land
For half a millennium and more
we
have died defending
the
land, the forests, the rivers
from
foreign invaders
blinded
by greed,
crazed
by profit
in
bloodied coin.
We
have suffered traitors
Infected
by that madness
that
for that same coin
sell
their own gods.
Our
bones sow the earth,
Our
blood waters it,
and
the sacred corn
sometimes
tastes bitter to us.
But
we go on struggling
and
our bones and our blood
will
grow a new flowering world.
Let us name it for what it essentially is: the economy of empire, Capitalism and its policy, an economic system based on two things: the treatment of the Earth solely as a deposit of raw material to be exploited and the enslavement of labor to convert that raw material into consumable products at low cost to sell at great profit for the good of the few. It was nothing but this that impelled the conquest of the Americas.
(Of the religion that for a long
time had made itself the tool of the state and justified slavery and even
genocide, I will say nothing, nor of the opposition within it that now comes to
us as Liberation Theology.) Because the U.S. is the largest empire today and
its president a modern Caligula, it is easy to make it the only villain, but
this happens through the entire world. Unbridled Capitalism leads to fascism
and we see this across the world today. The wars and tyrannies almost all
caused by Capitalism displace a great number of people fleeing poverty and
violence in order to survive. Migration is one of the greatest problems of the
day notwithstanding that humanity has always migrated since its origins in
Africa three to two hundred thousand years ago.
Migration
What does the butterfly know of borders?
What does it know of flags?
It
crosses a whole continent,
movement its inheritance.
So
it is with us,
migration our heritage
of
years, of centuries, of millenniums
before history was
and
we formed myths within the brain.
Our
steps made of blood,
of
tears, of laughter, and of sweat
mark
our eternal search
for
home signaled by the God,
or the eagle eating a snake,
or
who knows what arbitrary signs.
But
uncertain are our abodes —
home
is the round and seamless Earth;
we
circle it and if country we venerate
it
is pretension, a myth, a lie —
we
seek shelter, food, freedom, life.
Down
with borders, down with flags
for if there were justice and peace
we
would not have to so much roam the Earth.
I was born in, live in, am a citizen of the United States of America but more than anything I feel myself a citizen of the world. My loyalty is to humanity to which I belong and to the Earth that bore us and sustains us. My U.S. and Terrestrial citizenship obligate me to view my country, the world, and humanity critically. But if I have painted my country in somber hues it is not entirely a true portrait. Many, many U.S. citizens are not racist, nor toxically nationalists, nor unjust, nor cruel, nor capitalists. And many are the problems of empire and I have focused only on migration. Very great is the resistance against the forces of fascism, great is the compassion and the desire for justice. Many cities and even states have declared themselves Asylum to protect the undocumented immigrants refusing to collaborate with the federal police in the persecution of immigrants. Daily there are demonstrations at the doors of jails, the border, the airports, the government buildings, the streets in support of the immigrants. There is a great struggle between the forces of fascism that control the government and the democratic forces. We are in a crisis and the times are fearful.
As for me
as an old man and a poet
I Tell You
I tell you that I am tired
of
not being able to turn my back
on
the injustice and cruelty of the world.
I
would like instead to tell you
what
the alder and the redwood,
the
rock in the stream made smooth
by
the soft or rough touch
of
the water tell me.
I
would like to tell you the tales
of
the lizard and the butterfly,
sing
you the quiet songs
of
the honeysuckle and the rosemary.
I
would like to write poems of love
to
the Earth, to life, to you.
But
I cannot turn my back
to
the injustice and cruelty
of
the world that causes
such
pain and suffering on the Earth.
My
verses of rage and protest
are
also poems of love,
of
a love betrayed and wounded.
© Rafael Jesús González 2018.
Rafael Jesús González is Poet Laureate of Berkeley, California. For decades, he has been an activist for peace and justice, wielding the word like a sword of truth.
-
No comments:
Post a Comment